Distribution Transformer

9 May 2023

A distribution transformer enables the transmission of electrical energy or its adaptation for consumption. These devices help change the voltage level and also modify the current level to obtain suitable outputs for consumption. Distribution transformers allow energy to be revised to meet the needs of the consumer, making them preferred devices for the final user to function effectively. Distribution transformers used for the transmission of electricity to the consumption area can be employed in various fields, from homes to hospitals, factories to hotels. Especially in areas where electricity consumption is high, these devices can effectively meet the electricity needs of many different households and businesses when used for residential purposes.

Types of Distribution Transformers

Types of distribution transformers can be categorized into various subtypes. Distribution transformers, which can be discussed under the step-down transformer category, encompass a wide range of production options. Input and output windings, arching horns, tap changer, magnetic core, core, and main tank are among the many different components that make up a distribution transformer and can be subdivided into various branches. One of these types is oil-filled transformers. These transformers, which are more cost-effective in terms of repair and maintenance costs compared to other transformers, do not pose any danger under load since pressure balance is maintained. Oil-filled transformers are divided into five subtypes. ONAN, ONAF, OFAF, ODAF, OFWF are different components of oil-filled transformers, and ONAN cooling type is completed as natural cooling. In this type, where a fan is not used, oil is heated in the tank, rises, and circulates through radiators for cooling.

Features of Distribution Transformers

The features of distribution transformers vary depending on their structure. ONAF transformers use fans for cooling. In ONAF transformers, oil is heated and rises in radiators and is cooled by fans. Another type of transformer called OFAF uses both a fan and an oil pump. In OFAF transformers, oil is pumped into the tank and circulated, making them preferred in countries with high temperatures. ODAF transformers are preferred in areas where efficient cooling is needed. In these transformers, oil is directly supplied to the bottom of the winding. This process, carried out through transmission pipes, provides effective cooling. In OFWF transformers, cooling channels pass around the radiator. Oil is cooled by these cooling channels and then pumped back into the tank.